航运脱碳需要50亿美元以开发更清洁燃料

    据ICIS网站11月18日消息 根据国际航运协会（ICS）的数据，需要花费50亿美元的研发投资，以加快在工业规模上推广航运业脱碳所需的零碳燃料。

 

    在《推动第四次推进革命》的报告中，ICS提议设立一个50亿美元的基金，由海洋燃料税支付，并由国际海事组织（IMO）监督，以进行必要的研究，开发更清洁的海洋燃料。

 

    航运业是一个污染严重的行业，硫仍然是占全球货物贸易90%的一个行业的主要燃料。每天消耗原油达400万桶，占全球产量的4%，大约是沙特阿拉伯每日产量的三分之一。

 

    ICS表示，航运业脱碳的唯一途径是紧急采用以氨和氢等产品为基础的燃料，并扩大电气的覆盖范围。

 

    这将是该行业减少导致气候变化的温室气体（GHG）排放的唯一途径。2015年签署的联合国主导的《巴黎协定》确立了目标，与工业化前的水平相比，旨在到2100年将全球变暖控制在1.5摄氏度。

 

    ICS要求各国政府支持和资助国际海事研究与发展委员会的成立。否则，它们将面临数万亿美元的投资被错误分配的风险，这使得该行业几乎不可能实现脱碳。

 

    ICS秘书长Guy Platten表示：“因此，我们敦促国际海事组织支持这项提案，这项提案将为航运业和全球运输业带来非常大的利益。”

 

    “金融挑战的规模和技术挑战一样大。在我们为零碳未来设定路线时，我们需要制定目标和付诸行动，以避免即将到来的金融冰山。”

 

    国际海事组织本周接受了这一挑战。11月16日，国际海事组织秘书长Kitack Lim在该组织的海洋环境保护委员会上表示，他期待着对该行业机构提交的提案的审议。

 

    他说：“我意识到需要采取进一步行动，促进清洁燃料和技术领域的更多研发。”

 

    王磊 摘译自 ICIS

 

    原文如下：

 

    Shipping decarbonisation requires $5bn investments to develop cleaner fuels

 

    A vast amount of research and development (R&D) at a $5bn cost is required to speed up the roll-out at an industrial scale of zero carbon fuels necessary for the shipping industry’s decarbonisation, according to the International Chamber of Shipping (ICS).

 

    In its report Catalysing the Fourth Propulsion Revolution, the ICS proposed the creation of a $5bn fund, to be paid by a tax on marine fuels and overseen by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), to undertake the necessary research to develop cleaner marine fuels.

 

    The shipping industry is a heavy polluter, with sulphur still being a key fuel for a sector that accounts of 90% of the global trade in goods; it consumes 4m bbl/day of crude oil, or 4% of global production; to put it into context, that is roughly a third of Saudi Arabia's daily output.

 

    ICS said the only way for the shipping industry to decarbonise requires the urgent adoption of fuels based on products like ammonia and hydrogen, as well as a wider rollout of electrification.

 

    This would be the only way for the industry to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that cause climate change; the UN-led Paris Agreement signed in 2015 established targets aiming to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius by 2100, compared with pre-industrial levels.

 

    ICS asked governments to support and fund the creation of the International Maritime Research and Development Board; otherwise they would risk trillions of dollars of investment being misallocated, it said, making practically impossible for the sector to decarbonise.

 

    “We therefore urge the IMO to back the proposal, which will have such wide-ranging benefits for shipping, and the global transport sector more broadly,” said ICS’ secretary general, Guy Platten.

 

    “The scale of the financial challenge is as great as the technical challenge. We need certainty and action to avoid the approaching financial iceberg as we set course for a zero-carbon future.”

 

    The IMO took up on the challenge this week; addressing the organisation’s Marine Environment Protection Committee on 16 November, its secretary general Kitack Lim said he was “looking forward to the consideration” of the proposals submitted by the industry body.

 

    “[I am] Mindful of the need for further action to promote and facilitate more R&D in the area of clean fuels and technology,” said Lim.